Evolution Of Evolution And Genetics - 921 Words

Biologists have been studying evolution and genetics to further advance human knowledge, discover the human origins, and to eliminate human illnesses. Biologists like Lamark and Darwin have contributed much knowledge to the biology community and have helped many grasp the idea of evolution. But there are still many questions left unanswered; regressive evolution is one of these puzzling questions left unanswered. Cavefishes may help solve the mystery of why regressive evolution occurs and biologists have developed to hypothesis to explain this mystery. Additionally, solving this mystery may further the health of the human race to solve eye related diseases. Lamark’s theory of use and disuse proposes that an organism’s structure will steadily evolve and adapt to its environment, but only if it is being used frequently. Using giraffes, Lamark explains that the constant stretching of their necks to reach for higher leafs on trees caused giraffes to develop their long necks. Similarly, according to Lamark if a structure is no longer being used, it will slowly vanish over time. But people are quick to dismiss the use and disuse theory because he mentions that any characteristics that a parent acquires throughout their lifetime will be passed on to their offspring. This is known to not be true because a parent who loses a limb would not mean that their offspring would also be missing that same limb. Additionally, the discovery of DNA disproves Lamark’s theory because it shows DNAShow MoreRelatedGenetic Evolution : Biological Evolution Essay1152 Words   |  5 PagesMiller Mr. Stratz 2016 Biological Evolution Biological Evolution Biological evolution, what is it? To start off, the subject can be a challenging topic, but the basic principles are rather quite simple. This paper will go over both simple and more complex ideas such as Darwin s theory of evolution, natural selection, specific topics about development of embryos and genetic variation between plants and animals. Finally this paper will touch on gene therapy and, genetic engineering. Darwinism, orRead MoreGenetics And Evolution Of Behavior1317 Words   |  6 Pages GENETICS AND EVOLUTION OF BEHAVIOR All of our cells contain a nucleus, which includes chromosomes. Sections along each chromosome called genes control the chemical reactions that control development. Genes that are homozygous are the same, and genes that are heterozygous are different. A single copy of a dominant gene is sufficient to produce its effect, and a recessive gene only appears if the dominant gene is absent. A cohort effect is when a person tries to compare people from different generationsRead MoreEffects Of Genetic Mutations On Human Evolution2063 Words   |  9 Pages5 April 29, 2015 Polycythemia and Lip Augmentations Affect on Human Evolution Mutations and errors in sexual reproduction allow for variation within a population. These variations can eventually lead to the complex process of evolution in a species. The genetically derived mutation Polycythemia and the environmentally derived mutation lip augmentations, affect human evolution in a beneficial and detrimental way. Evolution is change in the aspects of a certain species over a period of time. ThisRead MoreSimplified Evolution Model Of The Genetic Landscape1083 Words   |  5 PagesFigure 10: Simplified evolution model of the genetic landscape in melanoma development and progression30. In sequence, melanoma formation is initiated by activating mutation in BRAF from the ERK MAPK pathway, which induces senescence forming a nevus. Mutation of TERT promoter, which increases transcriptional activity, as well as disruption of cell cycle control that abrogates cell cycle arrest (elevated levels observed in melanoma in situ) are events that allows the bypass of OIS mechanism proceedingRead MoreApplication of Genetic Algorithm in the Process of Sound Evolution1817 Words   |  7 Pages This project comprises the application of genetic algorithm in the process of sound evolution using Darwinian Theory of ‘survival of fittest’ whereby its emergent behaviour is employed to produce sound which evolves towards better solution by adapting to the environment over the numerous generations using its simple operations of selection, crossover and mutation. In the context of sound evolution, genetic algorithm has been used to evolve musical notes where the process of fitness function isRead MoreGenetic Bottlenecks The Founder Effect Introduction The concept of evolution is sometimes1500 Words   |  6 PagesGenetic Bottlenecks The Founder Effect Introduction The concept of evolution is sometimes debatable and disagreeable across a range of countries, cultures and religions. However this is strongly influenced or even the result of how the media and box office movies portrays evolution as a very different concept to what is actually taught today. The basic definition of Evolution is the changes in population allele frequencies over time. With the population being the smallest unit which can evolveRead MoreThe Effect Of Genetic Diversity On Living Things Are The Five Processes Of Evolution1461 Words   |  6 PagesThe main cause of genetic diversity in living things are the five processes of evolution. These five processes- genetic drift, gene flow, natural selection, speciation, and mutations- all affect allele frequencies within a population in different ways, thus, creating genetic diversity. Population change is in direct relation to both genetic drift and gene flow. Genetic drift is defined as â€Å"variation in the relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population.† This variation is causedRead MoreCloning : An Controversial Article Titled Experimental Genetic And Human Evolution Promoting Human Cloning2487 Words   |  10 PagesRohini Krishnan Professor Sara Goering PHIL 242 21st November 2014 Reproductive Cloning Joshua Lederberg’s controversial article titled â€Å"Experimental Genetic and Human Evolution† promoting human cloning, published in the 60’s sparked the widespread debate on cloning that would continue for decades to come. Leon Kass, leader of the President’s council of bioethics and a prominent figure in this debate, engaged in a lively debate with Lederberg where he argued that the â€Å"programmed reproduction ofRead MoreCreationism Vs. Evolution1130 Words   |  5 Pages Where do we come from? The creation of the world has been told through many different stories, and from a variety of religions across the world. The argument between evolution and creation has been debated back and forth for years. So how do we know which claim is correct? Has all life evolved from simple bacteria to all the species that appear today, or did life on earth begin with Gods creation of Adam from dust and his partner Eve from adam’s rib bone. As a child I grew up attending church everyRead MoreThe Proces of Evolution653 Words   |  3 PagesWithout evolution, and the constant ever changing environment, the complexity of living organisms would not be as it is. Evolution is defined as a process that results in heritable changes in a population spread over many generations (8).Scientists believe in the theory of evolution. This belief is based on scientific evidence that corroborates the theory of evolution. In Figure 1 the pictures of the skulls depict the sequence of the evolution of Homo-sapiens. As the figure shows, man has evolved

Analysis of Newspaper Research Report Results - 736 Words

This paper is going to present discuss from a statistic point a view a health related newspaper article in which a research study is mentioned and summarized. I will also look into how the conclusions are presented, and if the general approach was correct and suitable as far as statistics is involved. The article is named: â€Å"Pills protect against ovarian cancer: Study†, it was written by Helen Branswell, and was published by Toronto Star on January 24th, 2008 in its Living/Health section. (See references for the link) The original study was published in a medical journal, The Lancet, by Dr. Valerie Beral of Cancer Research UK epidemiology unit at Oxford University. The study is in reality a meta-study as â€Å"is actually a pooling of data†¦show more content†¦Building on the results found until then, the article mentions that considering that the numbers of women using oral contraceptives have raised in the past decades, an estimated number of 30,000 deaths due to ovarian cancer has been prevented. This number was probably determined as follows: 1. Determine the fatality rate without any pills being taken 2. Estimate the reduced fatality rate for women taking the pills 3. Estimate (extrapolate current trends) the percentage/number of women that will take oral contraceptives 4. Calculate the number of deaths for women taking the pills 5. Subtract 4 from 1. The suggested reduced risk is 30%: â€Å"there is nothing much you can do for 10 years that reduces your risk for the rest of your life by 30%†. The newspaper article struggles to reach a strong conclusion. The study concludes that women who take oral contraceptives lower their risk of developing ovarian cancer and the editorial in the original journal where the article was published calls for wider over-the-counter access to oral contraceptives. The newspaper article author mentions other point of view, in addition to the ones of the study. Other Canadian experts are not so sure, and call for further studies to analyze all the risks and benefits. A good opportunity for these studies might be in Britain, which is in the process ofShow MoreRelatedInformation Gathering for Business Analysis1121 Words   |  5 Pagescompany’s annual reports, newspaper, internet etc to make my analysis more comprehensive I used the following secondary sources to gather my information which enabled me to get the broad view of Lucky Cement’s Business and it helped me to make a better analysis of Lucky Cement’s Performance. 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The ongoing Russian-Ukrainian conflict has been a matter of debate between many countries including but not limited to Russia and Ukraine. The research area of the current study is the current Russian-Ukrainian conflict in media discourse. The present study seeks to determine whether this conflict as well as i ts key actors are viewed and discussed differently in Russian, Ukrainian and European mediaRead MoreThe Case Of Mason Jet Lee Essay989 Words   |  4 Pagesthe public has weighed in and the Department of Child Safety has been interrogated. This report is investigates on a compilation of news stories collected in the last 4 weeks from various sources in relation to this matter. There will be a discussion on the methodology utilised in the selection of the articles on this report followed by a critical analysis of the journalism practices involved . Finally, the report will analyse the data selected based on jJournalism practice principles. Mason is aRead MoreThe Role For Public Gatherings1300 Words   |  6 PagesInterestingly, the newspapers have demonstrated the substitute role for public gatherings in certain communities by addressing their shared issues of concern. So they become the first variable (Dylko, 2010). Secondly, another media use variable is exposure to the political news on TV. As a result, this news informs people about various current political situations and activities. However, lastly, the political talk shows having a unique format of discussions on a single issue with politicians andRead MoreAnalysis of Newspaper Research Report828 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Newspaper Research Report Cynthia Cohen University of Phoenix BSN0524 Ââ€" HCS438 Rebecca Cowens-Alvarado, MPH March 25, 2007 Analysis of Newspaper Research Report This paper will discuss an article published in Time.com (2007, March) by Lindsey Tanner, explaining a recent research study which found that the Atkins diet beat three other diets for weight loss over a one year period. The actual research study appeared in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) on MarchRead MoreRelatable Secondary Data1304 Words   |  6 Pagespreviously collected for a purpose other than the current research project. ‘Secondary data are best remembered as ‘second-hand’, because such data are ‘old’ primary data. Good researchers start with secondary data before designing primary research studies’ (Bradley, 2014, p.70). The three main types of secondary data are Documentary, Survey based and Multi-source secondary data. An example of Documentary secondary data would be a written report such as an email. Survey based secondary data is usuallyRead MoreThe Role Of Media Attitudes And Perceptions Of Muslims And Isl am1013 Words   |  5 Pagesof Islamophobia affecting many individuals throughout many different countries. Literature Review: Trevino, Kanso, Nelson (2010) examined three major newspapers, the New York Times, Los Angeles Times, and Washington Post, for content analysis to establish if Muslims were portrayed negatively in print media post 9/11. They found that newspaper portrayals of Muslims prior to September 11, 2001, in fact, did differ from the portrayals post September 11, 2001. Most references to Muslims, in both casesRead MorePreparing to Conduct Business Research Res/351 Essays1489 Words   |  6 Pagesaccounts are a hindrance to the Bank’s ability to maximize return on investments. As a result the bank is considering implementing a surcharge on checking accounts. However, the bank must determine if this will affect the attitudes and behaviors of customers. To achieve this, Bank of America must conduct business research. The Research Question When managers use business research a systematic inquiry to aid in the decision-making process. Because Bank of AmericaRead MoreData Analysis For The South Bronx836 Words   |  4 Pages Data Analysis The collected data will be analyzed using thematic data analysis. The data analysis process will be to organize, code, categorize, and interpret. Each interview transcript, observation field note, and police or school record will be uploaded into Atlas.ti in order to store and manage the data, and later will be used to code and categorize. Organizing and memoing the data are significant steps because they encompass reading through, sorting, familiarizing with the material, making

Case Study of a Drug Addict Free Essays

CED 322: Case Study In the case of the 46 year-old female client, I would begin my assessment of her by attempting to relieve her current state of anxiety. My first goal would be to allow her to feel safe and comfortable when she enters my office. I want her to know that my office is a safe haven from anything that causes her to relapse. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Study of a Drug Addict or any similar topic only for you Order Now In addition, by congratulating her decision to seek treatment I can make early strides in developing trust and rapport from the start. Once the client and I spend some time reviewing her life story, I would ask her to complete the SASSI-3 to give me a well balanced perspective of her overall struggle with cocaine and heroin abuse. Although I’ve been given some background information on the client’s previous history of abuse, I feel that the SASSI-3 can give me some insight to habits and traits she developed from her family and lifestyle growing up. Since I have some information about her early use of alcohol, I would also administer a MAST which could give me some insight on her dependency with alcohol. I would be able to better understand how alcohol plays a role in her use of heroin and cocaine. Once I can determine how they correlate I can then accurately diagnose her and lead to a more successful treatment strategy. From the current information I would diagnose this client with Cocaine and Opioid- Induced Mood Disorder (292. 84). The client reports that she relapses when she has a desire to feel â€Å"numb† which tells us her emotions and feelings are primary factors that influence her addictive behavior. Also, her addiction is so severe that she claims that she uses at times for no reason at all. Since she is remorseful and fearful of her life, I feel that she is searching for the right treatment to rid herself of this life threatening addiction. She has the desire to change but is in need of the will to change. I would focus on her everyday routine, eliminating the parts of her day that involve thoughts or ideas that lead to using heroin and cocaine. I would recommend that she use the 12 step program and group therapy as new ways to guide her towards recovery. Since she using these substances in private, I feel she could possibly benefit from others who know and feel the same struggles as she does. This would allow her to not feel alone in her recovery and bring a sense of accountability to prevent from relapse. I would monitor her progress in the 12 step program and encourage her to patiently complete each step. I’m basing my treatment strategy on trust. In order to eliminate her fear and anxiety along with her addiction through these screens and methods, she must be willing to trust herself at all times. How to cite Case Study of a Drug Addict, Free Case study samples

Cleopatra free essay sample

A study into the life and death of an ancient Egyptian ruler Cleopatra. The paper examines the life of Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator who was the last of the Ptolemaic rulers of Egypt. While today she is known almost entirely as that queen who committed suicide by allowing herself to be stung by an asp and for her great beauty, such a description does her little justice. The paper shows that she was far more than the femme fatale into which she has been transmuted over the centuries by popular culture and misogyny but rather a proud and ambitious queen whose political failure in the end was in part due to her over-ambitiousness but also due in even greater measure to overwhelming historical forces. Cleopatra was born into an age in which women had few powers other than the ones that they could gain through men. Her use of her body to attract men was simply a rational strategy on her part. Who was Cleopatra, and how did she die? Queen Cleopatra of Egypt is the most well known of all the ancient Egyptian queens. She was born in Alexandria, Egypt in 69 B. C. during the reign of Ptolemy. Cleopatra was not Egyptian, but rather Macedonian, descended through a general of Alexander the Great. In 51 B. C. when Cleopatra was eighteen years of age, her father, Ptolemy Auletes, ruler of Egypt, died, leaving his kingdom and his will to Cleopatra, for her to become Egypts new queen. Little did they know she would be the last, after her mysterious death in 30 B. C. Cleopatras cause of death has presented many theories that have been contemplated for many years and continue to be to this day. The events of Cleopatras life have influenced these theories including her very special relationship with Marc Antony, which is to be believed the core motivation for two of the main theories. Suicide by snake bite is the first theory for the mysterious death of Queen Cleopatra, the second; suicide by poison and the third; murder. When Cleopatra took the throne, Egypt was in turmoil. There was a famine in the land, and the Roman Empire was growing larger and becoming a greater threat to Egypt. In 48 B. C. , Cleopatra was removed from her position as queen because of her actions which ispleased some of the more powerful court officials. She was overthrown by them in favour of her younger brother, whom they believed would be easier to influence, causing Cleopatra to flee the country. She did not return to Alexandria until Caesar arrived to obtain the country from her brother, Ptolemy in 48 B. C. She knew important meetings would be held about the country and did not want to be left out of anything, so she had herself smuggled in to at first sight and immediately became lovers. Caesar dethroned Ptolemy and placed Cleopatra on the throne as a puppet ruler for the country, and before long she ecame pregnant with their son. They traveled back to Rome together, where many disapproved of Caesars affection for her. When the Senate in Rome realized that Caesar was preparing to position himself as the new king, they had him assassinated on March 15, 44 B. C. Cleopatra was afraid for her life and that of her child, so she fled back to her home in Alexandria. When she returned, she had her brother Ptolemy XIV killed and regained the throne, making her four-year old son her coregent, always watching to seek the next man of power in Rome. In 41 B. C. , Mark Antony invited Cleopatra to Tarsus where they met and became lovers, despite his already existing wife. The two spent much time together and once Antony had finally divorced his wife, the Western part of the world had to acknowledge his relationship with Cleopatra. By doing this, he put himself at odds with the forces of Rome, and made himself the enemy of Octavian, the emperor. In 31 B. C. , Octavians army defeated Antony in Greece. He sent for Cleopatra, but was lied to and told that she was dead. When he heard this news, he committed suicide with his own sword. Cleopatra ventually came to him before he died, and stayed with him during his final moments. After Antonys death, Cleopatra was taken to Octavian, where she was told that she would be displayed as a slave to all of the countries that she had ruled over. This would bring her great suffering and humiliation so she had her servants bring her a poisonous asp hidden in a basket. Her religion believed that if one died by snake bite, they would become immortal. She died on August 12, 30 B. C. , when she was only 39 years old. It has been documented that the snake bit Cleopatra on the rm, but there have also been reports that the snake bit her on the chest. This incident was followed with a note asking to be buried with Antony. However, this method of suicide has been believed to be unlikely because it has too many contradictions. According to previous accounts, this method did not seem to be in Cleopatras nature as she was portrayed as a smart, charismatic woman who had shown great strength and courage. This makes it hard to believe that Cleopatra would resort to a method of death that involved so much pain, instead of researching quick and painless method. Along with this is the lack of evidence of a snake in the mausoleum and the temperature for August would have been to warm for a snake to be with her at her time of death. Although the theory of suicide by snake bite has been the most popular over time, there are too many contradictions and missing or incorrect components for this theory to be correct. The second theory for Cleopatras death is that she committed suicide by poisoning herself, again, because of the loss of Antony. It has been known that Cleopatra studied different poisons to find the ost effective and it is said that she kept poison in a hollow comb in her hair. German historian, Christoph Schaefer believes that hemlock, combined with wolfsbane and opium, may have been the deadly combination that led to death of Queen Cleopatra, based on the materials that would have been available to her at that time. It also fits the profile as this would have been the smarter option, because it would have been quick and painless. The third theory is that Queen Cleopatra was murdered. A criminal profiler found that Cleopatra did not fit the normal profile for a trong woman, and had nothing to gain by dying, which made the two suicide theories unstable and unbelievable. These facts support the theory that Cleopatra may have been murdered. Cleopatra was the last Queen to rule before the Roman takeover. This was a time when it was common for rulers to be murdered. It has been speculated that Octavia sent men to kill Cleopatra and commanded them to make it look like a suicide. The fact that Cleopatra didnt fit the profile for a suicide victim, combined with what could be gained from her death makes this theory more plausible. In addition to this, upon Cleopatras death, Octavia became the new pharaoh, which proves he had the motive to kill her.